Statistical View of the United States, Embracing Its Territory, Population - White, Free Colored, and Slave - Moral and Social Condition, Industry, Property, and Revenue; the Detailed Statistics of Cities, Towns and Counties; Being a Compendium of the Seventh Census, to Which Are Added the Results of Every Previous Census, Beginning with 1790, in Comparative Tables, with Explanatory and Illustrative Notes, Based Upon the Schedules and Other Official Sources of Information. By J.D.B. De Bow.

Full text of "[Statistical view of the United States, embracing its territory, population - white, free colored, and slave - moral and social condition, industry, property, and revenue; the detailed statistics of cities, towns and counties; being a compendium of the seventh census, to which are added the results of every previous census, beginning with 1790, in comparative tables, with explanatory and illustrative notes, based upon the schedules and other official sources of information. By J.D.B. De Bow. --](https://www.carmenthyssenmalaga.org other formats](https://www.carmenthyssenmalaga.org . "^
fEi^liMT^M^^^
m>mi
mw.
mAstmm

STATISTICAL VIEW

UNITED STATES,

EMBRACING

ITS TERRITORY, POPULATION— WHITE, FREE COLORED, AND SLAVE- MORAL AND SOCIAL CONDITION, INDUSTRY, PROPERTY, AND REVENUE; THE DETAILED STATISTICS OF CITIES, TOWNS, AND COUNTIES ;

COMPENDIUM OF THE SEVENTH CENSUS;

TO WHICH ARE ADDED

THE RESULTS OF EVERY PREVIOUS CENSUS, BEGINNING WITH 1790, IN COMPARATIVE TABLES, WITH EXPLANATORY AND ILLUSTRATIVE NOTES, BASED UPON THE SCHEDULES AND OTHER OFFICIAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION.

By J. D. B. DeBOW,

SUPERINTENDENT OF THE UNITED STATES CENSUS.

WASHINGTON:

BEVERLEY TUCKER, SENATE PRINTER. 1854.

IN SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES,

Jl-lt 12, 1854.

Resolved, That there be printed, for the use of the Senate, fifty thousand copies of a Compendium of the Seventh Census, to be arranged by the Superintendent of the Census, embracing the population by towns and counties ; the ratio tables of population ; tables of nativities, births, marriages, and deaths : of the deaf, dumb, blind, insane, and idiotic ; of schools and colleges ; of aggregates of occupations ; of churches ; of newspapers and libraries ; and of agricultural products : and also a table showing the number of acres of land in cultivation in each of the principal staple productions of the soil, and the aggregate number of acres in cultivation in each of the States and Territories of the United States, with illustrative notes and comparative tables : Provided, The Compendium shall be printed in royal octavo form, and not exceed four hundred pages.

Attest ."

ASBURY DICKINS, Secretary.

This is an exact photographic facsimile of the STATISTICAL VIEW OF THE U.S., ETC., BEING A COMPENDIUM OF THE SEVENTH CENSUS, TO WHICH ARE ADDED THE RESULTS OF EVERY PREVIOUS CENSUS BEGINNING WITH 1790, IN COMPARATIVE TABLES, WITH EXPLANATORY AND ILLUSTRATIVE NOTES, BASED UPON THE SCHEDULES AND OTHER OFFICIAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION. By J.D.B. DeBow, Supt. of the U.S. Census, Washington. Beverly Tucker, Senate Printer, 1854.

Of this edition 3 50 numbered copies have been printed by the Central Book Company, of Brooklyn, New York.

This is copy Number

We wish to acknowTeage the cooperation of the American Antiquarian Society in lending us the original text from which this reprint was made.

Census Office, WasJdnglon, Sej)l. 1, 1854.

To THE Hon. R. McClelland,

Secretary of the Interior.

In the volume which is now handed you — though restricted in size by the order of Congress — will be found a very full compendium of the Census Statistics of the United States from the earliest period, together with all of the tables embraced in the quarto publication of 1850, with the few exceptions noted below. To these has been added a large amount of information collected for the first time from the returns and from other official sources, with illustrative notes, and ratio and comparative tables.

In lieu of the classification of ages by counties and their subdivisions, the births, marriages, and deaths, the church and school statistics by counties, and the occupations by States, I have inserted, as of wider interest, county tables in the following particulars — of population, white, free-colored and slave, native and foreign, male and female, in 1850, with the aggregate in 1840, and the changes of county organization within that time; of college, private school and public school scholars, with the revenues appropriated to each ; the total educational income; the illiterate; the number of persons within the school age, and the actual average of scholars in the year ; of the number of farms ; and the capital, product, and amount of labor in manufactures, mining, and the mechanic arts. The occupations and the number of births, marriages, and deaths, are given in States and in great sections of the Union, and the specific ages and nativities in all the leading cities.

The tables embraced in the volume have been examined and revised, involving in most cases a re-examination of the returns, during which care was taken to exhaust, by way of illustration, for certain cities, counties, or States, every source of information embodied in them. This would have been done for the whole Union had time and the means at my disposition admitted. As it was, however, the time and labor actually expended will, I trust, be amply repaid in the results. Never before has so large a part of the census material, collected by such expensive machinery, been made available by the government, for popular use, in compact and systematic form.

The statistics of manufactures and of mortality, which alone remain of the census, will be ready for publication by the meeting of Congress, and can be included, if desired, in a volume of the size of the present.

For other suggestions in relation to the administration of the office and the history of the census system of the United States, I beg to refer you in particular to the Introductory Chapter,

Your obedient servant,

J. D. B. DeBOW.

COMPENDIUM OF THE CENSUS. 1790—1850.

Introduction.

Part I. — Territory.

II. — Population.

White, Native and Foreign ;
Free Colored,
Slave,
Aggregate. Black, Mulatto; Aggregate. Families and Dwellings. Sex. Age. Births, Marriages, and Deaths. Deaf, Dumb, Blind, &c. Occupations. Nativities.

III. — Moral and Social Condition.

Religious Worship ;
Education ;
The Press ;
Libraries ;
Charities ;
Wages of Labor ;
Crime.

IV. — Industry.

Agriculture ;
Manufactures ;
Commerce ;
Internal Improvements.

V. — Property, Revenue, Taxation, &c.

VI. — Statistical Detail of Cities, Towns, Counties, &c.

ApfENDIX.

In table XII the population of Alabama, in 1820, is taken at the figures first reported, since they have invariably been admitted into all the government publications, except one, and any changes would have created disturbances in all of the calculations, without materially affecting the general results. By a note to the table it will be seen that the number was subsequently ascertained to be larger. On page 29, had space admitted, the fallowing particulars of the expense of the census of 185tl would have been added : Enumeration, :f4G3,SjS ; trav(.l,ij 170,008; agricultural items, $145,112 ; other industry, $18,278; mortality, $6,492; social statistics, ♦9,27S; copying, $101,021. These are as near as can be ascertained, and are exclusive of extra pay in California. In a few copies of Ihe House edition some points escaped before their correction. The only ones of any note were to read fret inhabitants in Table III, Appendix, and .1 instead of 1. in page 115, showing proportion of forelfrners in Ireland. To correct the proportion of males and females in the Southwest and Northwest in 1850, in Table XXVI ; to change the proportion, in Table CLI, of those " actually at school " in Great Britain, exclusive of ."^cotland, from 1 in 7 to 1 in 10.2 ; and the home manufactures in Table CXC. In the Senate edition a few additional tables are also published.

INDEX.

ACADEMIES— Statistics of, and other schools, 142 ; annual income of, 142; number of scholars in, 142.

AGES — White, per cent, of, to total population, 51 ; comparative male and female, 55; difference of white male and female, 57; average of whites, free colored and slave, 103; preponderance in favor of certain ages accounted for, 104.

AGRICULTURE— Ratio of, in the States in lasO, 170 ; productions of, in States and Territories in l(i40-'50, 170 to 174 ; live stock of, in States and Territories in 1840-'50, 170; products of, in the United States aggregated for 1840-'50, 174 ; ratio of farm land to area, and crops to population in the several sections of the United States, 1850-'40, 175 ; value of products of, in the United States, 1850, 176. (See Crops.)

ARKANSAS— Average mortality of, in IHM, 106; live stock and agricultural products of, 1840-'50, 170-174; statistics of counties in detail, 194.

ALABAMA — Live stock and agricultural products of, 1340 and '50, 170-174 ; county statistics in detail, 194.

AREA — Of North America, 31 ; of each slope, and ratio to total United States, 33; proportion of slaveholding to non-slaveholding States, 36; ratio of farm land to whole area in the several sections of the United States 1850-'40, 175.

ASSESSMENTS— Of property in States and cities, 23-28.

AUSTRIA — Number of churches in, and proportion of sects, 137; school system of, 147.

BASINS— Of the Old World, compared with those drained into the Gulf of Mexico, 33.

BALTIMORE— Total number of deaths in 1850, 108.

BELGIUM — Proportion of deaf and dumb in. 111.

BIRTHS — Difficulty of ascertaining, 57 ; male and female, proportion of each in various countries, 101 ; proportion of, in Massachusetts, 104; proportion of, in Great Britain, France, Russia, &c. 104; proportion of, in the United States, 104 ; white and free colored and ratio to total population, 1850, 111 ; native and foreign in Boston, 122; native and foreign in the U. States compared 122 ; table of, in England and Wales, 107.

BLACKS— Sexof, 68.

BLIND— Ages of, in 10 States. 59; number of in U. States in 1830, "40 and '50, 60; aggregate by census of 1850, 111; proportions of, in Prussia, France, &c.. Ill ; ratio of white and colored to total white and colored, 113; of slave population, 93; (see free colored.)

BOSTON — Number of families and dwellings in, 100; marriages and births in, of native and foreign, 122.

BRITISH CENSUS SYSTEM, 21.

BUREAU OF STATISTICS— Proposed, 18; system in Europe, 20.

CALIFORNIA — Proportion of families to dwellings in, 100; estimate of population 122; live stock and agricultural products of 1840 and 'oC. 170-174; county statistics of, 200 ; State census, 3^4.

CANADA— Emigrants to, and route taken, 125.

CARLISLE TAISLE- A useful reference, 120 ; principle of calculation, 119.

CENSUS — Its advantages and accuracy, 10; United States system from 1790 to ia50, 11 ; schedules and history of, 16.j0, 12-13; schedules which were proposed in Congress, 14; future proposed schedules, 15-17; defects in the enumeration system of, 17; in the office organization, 18; system of Europe, 20; of the several States and Cities of the Union, 23-28; cost of each, since 1790 and rate of compensation, 29; machinery of census office, 29; comprndiuLii of census of 1850, 30 ; California State of, 1852, 394.

CENSUS — British as compared with American, 61.

CHARITIES— In Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Jersey, Georgia and South Carolina, Ifil ; private expended in Charleston, 161 ; amount of, from benevolent private sources, 162; amount of, expended in various cities, 162; amount expended in England, Wales, &c., 162; statistics of Order of I. O. O. Fellows, 163.

CHARITY HOSPITAL, N. O.— Reports for twelve years, 110.

CHARLESTON, S. C— Slave importations in 1804, '05, '06 and '07, 83; total number of deaths in 1850, 108 ; ages of persons dying in 18.30, 108.

CHURCHES— Buildings used as, in the United States, 132; accommodations of in United States, 136 ; numberof by comparison of sects to population, 136 ; accommodation of to square mile, 137; percent, of Hcconimodation to population in Great Britain, 1.37; number of in Prussia and proportion of sects, 137; number in Switzerland and Austria, 137; denominations of, condensed from annual publications in the United States, 137 ; value and accommodation of, to the area of the United States, 138; ratio of accommodations and values, 139; value and accommodation of, for the several great sections, 139; preponderance of denominations of, in various sections, 140 ; property and value of, in several large cities, 140 ; ratio of leading sects to whole church accommodations, 140; number of regular clergymen in the United States, 132; property of, amount in the United States, 132-134^ religious denominations, 133; property of, comparison by sects, 136 ; what are considered minor sects, 132.

CITY CENSUS AND STATISTICS, 29.

CITIES, TOWNS, &C.— American and foreign, comparative distances, 35; in the United States, 339; ages of population 395-399; nativity of city population 395-399; comparative population of largest, 192 ; comparative population of othca — 1840 and '50, 193.

COLLEGES — Number o